R&D expenditures as percentage of GDP 2013-2020
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Information

Unit
Millions
Latest update
11/22/2021
Reference time
2013-2020
Matrix
FYR05101
Footnotes

Footnotes

Percentage of GDP based on official figures on publication date January 15, 2021 (2019: 3,019,377 Million ISK, 2018: 2,835,889 Million ISK, 2017: 2,642,423 Million ISK., 2016: 2,512,055 Million ISK, 2015: 2,231,848 Million ISK, 2014: 2,086,360 Million ISK, 2013: 1,970,146 Million ISK).
2015 and 2016 results updated with the publication of 2017 figures. Data collection based on Frascati Manual (2002), OECD.
'Business enterprise sector' encompasses legal units of enterprises, indiduals and private non-profit organizations.
'Higher education sector' covers All universities, colleges of technology and other institutions of post-secondary education, including hospitals.